African women are often victimized by HIV-positive men who insist on having sex without using condoms. There is, however, a set of encouraging results in South Africa from a trial of a vaginal microbicidal gel called tenofovir that at least reduces the risk of transmission if a woman use the gel immediately before and after intercourse. Still, these are early days and the risk reduction is only 39% (although it is 54% for the most dedicated users) compared to women using a placebo.
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